Nano particles used in an epoxy floor coating are small particles less than 0.1 micron. These small particles have not traditionally been used in epoxy coatings but when employed properly can upgrade epoxy coatings physical properties. Eight of these nano particles, side by side, will be less than the width of a human hair.
For example, nano technology can be used to improve the strength of epoxy coatings through reinforcement of the coating. The technology imparts clarity to the epoxy coating while traditional coating additives cause opaqueness. Depending upon the desired characteristics, nano technology has the potential to alter many features of an epoxy floor coating.
While imparting special properties to an epoxy coating, nano particles allow the coating to remain clear. This is in addition to abrasion and impact resistance. Flow properties are also improved.
Great improvement is seen in abrasion resistance and surface hardness. This translates to better scratch resistance. A warehouse floor coated with nanotechnology epoxy coating will have a longer life and appearance.
The nano epoxy coating can be formulated to produce a 100% solids coating without solvent. This "green technology" is certainly another added benefit that architects and building owners are attracted to when adding Leeds points to their epoxy floor specifications.
There are epoxy floor coatings that claim to have antibacterial an microbial properties with certain chemical additives. How do nano epoxy coatings compare?
Nano particles with specific properties can be incorporated to produce these properties. Using mateials proven safe by the FDA are being tested at the present time. The future holds great promise for new products in this arena.
In formulating work thus far, nano epoxy floor coatings exhibit a much improved flow characteristic. Ease of application is therefore a distinct advantage. The labor used to apply nano epoxy floor coatings is reduced from the improved ease of application feature.
However, the single most important feature of the nano epoxy is abrasion resistance compared to existing epoxy floor coatings. At first, the scratch resistance in the initial stages of cure is apparent and becomes more so after the stage of final cure.
The abrasion resistance of the new nano epoxy floor coating technology is accompanied by gloss retention. All other additives that attempt to improve abrasion resistance cause the loss of coating gloss. This advancement in nano technology epoxy floor coatings is impressive.
Monday, October 27, 2014
Thursday, October 23, 2014
NASA Technology and Memory Foam Pillows
Memory foam was in the beginning formulated way back in 1966 by NASA in the us to absorb the huge forces astronauts are confronted with for the duration of lift-off in their rocket seating. Memory Foam has cushioned the headgear of the Dallas Cowboys through the entire 70s and eighties, safeguarded bedridden patients from bedsores, and comforted the feet of 1000's dressed in fashionable shoes that combine the shock reduction material within their insoles This technology has now already been adapted to be used in the household bed, mattress and pillow market, and is proving to be highly sought after amongst our shoppers. Heated by body heat, the memory foam delicately cocoons your slumbering head and moulds flawlessly to your head profile, while concurrently supplying additional comfort and support. Together with a Body Response bed, it produces balanced, restful sleep by reducing pressure points and alleviating the stresses and pressures of day-to-day life.
Memory foam pillows are specially built to mould to the shape of the head and neck which helps to help remedy strain and offers outstanding comfort and support. Silentnight have developed their Breatheasy Memory Foam Pillow, which makes use of airflow technologies keeping you cool and dry as the ergonomic design adjusts to your natural curves. Measuring 49cm long and 30cm wide (19 inches L, 12 inches W), it comes complete with a 80% polyester and 20% cotton cover, it is now available with a 20% discount. This is actually the comments from one thrilled customer -"I have neck problems and was waking each morning with a headache. Experimented with various solutions to no avail until I purchased this pillow, it was an overnight success I have had no further headaches! It did take me a few nights to get used to it but I persevered and wouldn't be without it now. I like the cover supplied with the pillow however I do use a natural cotton pillow case over it."
Silentnight also have the Memory Foam Shell Pillow available, which brings together the benefits of memory foam for support along with a hollowfibre filling for added comfort. This pillow comes with a 50% cotton and 50% polyester cover, is handwash only and measures 74cm long by 48cm wide. Alternatively, we have a great range of a more natural product in goose down pillows, which offer a similar level of comfort and support but in a more conventional way. We are able to source many sites offering pillows for sale, so take a browse at our beds, duvets and pillows and have a look!.
The is your resource for finding great deals on beds. We provide an extensive list of mattresses, bedding and related products that can help you get a better sleep each night. Many of the items listed on our website come from well-known manufacturers. We are not a retailer that sells directly to customers. Instead, we scour the internet to bring you a list of quality beds and accessories at the best prices possible visit The Best Bed Shop is your resource for finding great deals on beds. We provide an extensive list of mattresses, bedding and related products that can help you get a better sleep each night. Many of the items listed on our website come from well-known manufacturers.
Memory foam pillows are specially built to mould to the shape of the head and neck which helps to help remedy strain and offers outstanding comfort and support. Silentnight have developed their Breatheasy Memory Foam Pillow, which makes use of airflow technologies keeping you cool and dry as the ergonomic design adjusts to your natural curves. Measuring 49cm long and 30cm wide (19 inches L, 12 inches W), it comes complete with a 80% polyester and 20% cotton cover, it is now available with a 20% discount. This is actually the comments from one thrilled customer -"I have neck problems and was waking each morning with a headache. Experimented with various solutions to no avail until I purchased this pillow, it was an overnight success I have had no further headaches! It did take me a few nights to get used to it but I persevered and wouldn't be without it now. I like the cover supplied with the pillow however I do use a natural cotton pillow case over it."
Silentnight also have the Memory Foam Shell Pillow available, which brings together the benefits of memory foam for support along with a hollowfibre filling for added comfort. This pillow comes with a 50% cotton and 50% polyester cover, is handwash only and measures 74cm long by 48cm wide. Alternatively, we have a great range of a more natural product in goose down pillows, which offer a similar level of comfort and support but in a more conventional way. We are able to source many sites offering pillows for sale, so take a browse at our beds, duvets and pillows and have a look!.
The is your resource for finding great deals on beds. We provide an extensive list of mattresses, bedding and related products that can help you get a better sleep each night. Many of the items listed on our website come from well-known manufacturers. We are not a retailer that sells directly to customers. Instead, we scour the internet to bring you a list of quality beds and accessories at the best prices possible visit The Best Bed Shop is your resource for finding great deals on beds. We provide an extensive list of mattresses, bedding and related products that can help you get a better sleep each night. Many of the items listed on our website come from well-known manufacturers.
Sunday, October 19, 2014
Importance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) education
Education is termed as one of the basic requirements on which great nations are built. It is an investment that takes its time to pay dividends but, according to economists, education generates the highest returns when compared to any other avenues where resources can be committed. In developing countries, where a large population lives at subsistence levels, primary education is a major tool for enriching human capital. At the primary level, young minds are enlightened to accept new ideas, show creativity, develop critical thinking and above all, enable themselves to absorb surrounding information for informed decision-making at any later stage in life. In this regard, computer studies or
ICT becomes immensely important.
How essential is ICT or computer education at the primary level? This question is worth exploring given that our children are growing up in an information age.
The argument that we are so underdeveloped and devoid of basic infrastructure that we cannot even afford to think about computers is not very valid any more. With decreasing cost and increasing usability of desktop PCs - which in fact face the threat of extinction at the hands of laptops - has turned the situation from bleak to bright. It is now a matter of choice, rather than availability to introduce ICT at primary school level - at least in the urban areas.
Here, it is important to note that there are two very different and distinct aspects of ICT in education. One is teaching ICT itself, and the second is using ICT as an augmented tool to the existing teaching methods which is more important, it will be very useful if the people study from,
If your preparing for career change and looking for
MCTS Training or MCITP Certification
the best online training provider that provide the all the and complete MCTS certification exams training in just one package, certkingdom self study training kits, save your money on bootcamps, training institutes, It's also save your traveling and time. All training materials are "Guaranteed" to pass your exams and get you certified on the fist attempt, due to best training they become no1 site 2009 2010.
In addition I recommend Certkindom.com is best and No1 site of 2008 which provide the complete Windows Server 2003 certified professionals training, Microsoft MCITP, Microsoft MCTS, Cisco CCNA, Cisco CCIE, CompTIA A+, IBM, Citrix, PMP, ISC, and lots more online training self study kits, saving your time and money on all those expensive bootcamps, conventional training institutes where you have take admission pay fees first and if you dont want to continue no refunds no transfer to any other training course, If you planed to take CCNA or specialization in MCSE 2003 all the process starts again; as for getting online training can be much beneficial and you dont need to take for fill any from to switch your training on any desire certification.
ICT becomes immensely important.
How essential is ICT or computer education at the primary level? This question is worth exploring given that our children are growing up in an information age.
The argument that we are so underdeveloped and devoid of basic infrastructure that we cannot even afford to think about computers is not very valid any more. With decreasing cost and increasing usability of desktop PCs - which in fact face the threat of extinction at the hands of laptops - has turned the situation from bleak to bright. It is now a matter of choice, rather than availability to introduce ICT at primary school level - at least in the urban areas.
Here, it is important to note that there are two very different and distinct aspects of ICT in education. One is teaching ICT itself, and the second is using ICT as an augmented tool to the existing teaching methods which is more important, it will be very useful if the people study from,
If your preparing for career change and looking for
MCTS Training or MCITP Certification
the best online training provider that provide the all the and complete MCTS certification exams training in just one package, certkingdom self study training kits, save your money on bootcamps, training institutes, It's also save your traveling and time. All training materials are "Guaranteed" to pass your exams and get you certified on the fist attempt, due to best training they become no1 site 2009 2010.
In addition I recommend Certkindom.com is best and No1 site of 2008 which provide the complete Windows Server 2003 certified professionals training, Microsoft MCITP, Microsoft MCTS, Cisco CCNA, Cisco CCIE, CompTIA A+, IBM, Citrix, PMP, ISC, and lots more online training self study kits, saving your time and money on all those expensive bootcamps, conventional training institutes where you have take admission pay fees first and if you dont want to continue no refunds no transfer to any other training course, If you planed to take CCNA or specialization in MCSE 2003 all the process starts again; as for getting online training can be much beneficial and you dont need to take for fill any from to switch your training on any desire certification.
Wednesday, October 15, 2014
IEP Technology Proves Viability of Geothermic Fuel Cell for Oil & Gas Production
IEP Technology's full feature geothermic fuel cell prototype built by Delphi Automotive is successfully tested at Colorado School of Mines' Colorado Fuel Cell Center. This is the second milestone IEP TEchnology has made on schedule.
Denver, CO, November 22, 2013 - Researchers and oil company representatives from around the world recently toured the first full-featured Geothermic Fuel Cell (GFC), a new innovation that can produce greater efficiency in extracting oil from shale.
IEP Technology and Delphi Automotive are working collaboratively to develop this innovation and have executed a Memorandum of Understanding under which Delphi Automotive expects to integrate solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology into GFCs.
The unit was shown in October during the 33rd Oil Shale Symposium presented by the Colorado School of Mines and the Colorado Fuel Cell Center (CFCC). Initial testing led by Dr. Neal Sullivan, Ph.D., an associate professor at Colorado School of Mines and director of the CFCC, proved that the GFC can be operated at the high temperatures needed to heat oil shale formations to produce oil in situ or in place.
-This is an exciting opportunity for all involved. It's a true collaboration between IEP Technology (IEPT), Delphi and the CFCC to test the full-feature GFC prototype. We are bridging theory to industrial use in an exciting new way at our lab,- said Sullivan.
The multi-stack, full-featured GFC module follows successful testing of a single stack GFC in April 2013. This is the second major technology milestone IEPT has met with relative ease.
-We could not be happier to meet this second milestone with such success in proving our multi-stack, full-featured GFC module. Our next major step will be to couple and test multiple modules in the lab in preparation for our in-ground, pre-field testing at a location on Colorado School of Mines property,- said Mark Wall, IEPT's Manager of Projects.
IEPT selected Delphi's SOFC as the most advanced and production-viable stack available today. Delphi's SOFC converts chemical energy in conventional fuels directly into useful electrical power and heat without combustion, resulting in minimal emissions. Electric heaters have been used to extract oil from shale in situ, but IEPT's concept has the potential to be much more efficient and does not require a dedicated electrical power plant.
Delphi has designed SOFCs and completed development projects to generate electric power for commercial vehicle auxiliary units, stationary and military applications. Delphi is committed to applying its SOFC technology to green energy applications such as the GFC, and brings years of automotive component manufacturing and system integration experience to support IEPT in developing its technology for oil shale production applications.
-Beyond the application of extracting oil from shale, we have always envisioned multiple uses for the GFCs such as fresh water production from brackish underground aquifers and landfill pyrolysis in addition to the in situ production of unconventional hydrocarbons,- said Al Forbes, IEPT's president and CEO. -Delphi's ability to engineer and adapt its existing SOFC technology to GFC applications, manufacture on a volume basis and distribute globally will go a long way in making this a reality.-
The in-ground testing of the full-feature GFC modules scheduled for 2014 on Colorado School of Mines property will include the in situ installation and operation of multiple GFC modules. It will also test all related equipment for fuel conditioning and supply and power management for the green electrical power produced as a byproduct of the GFC applications.
About IEP Technology IEP Technology (IEPT) is the owner of the patented, breakthrough in-situ Geothermic Fuel Cell(GFC) system. GFCs create heat for use in the recovery of unconventional hydrocarbons while producing additional energy to be sold back into the market as clean, baseload electricity. IEPT is currently focused on the economic and environmentally responsible recovery of oil shale and oil sands. The company holds exclusive rights to broad, patented GFC technologies in the U.S. and Canada, and has strategic partnerships with Uintah Resources, Inc., Delphi Corporation and Colorado School of Mines. Learn more about the company and its technology at Iepm.com or IEPTechnologyInc.com.
About the Colorado Fuel Cell Center at Colorado School of Mines Colorado School of Mines, www.mines.edu, is a uniquely focused public research university dedicated to preparing exceptional students to solve today's most pressing energy and environmental challenges. Founded in 1874, the institution was established to serve the needs of the local mining industry. Today, Mines has an international reputation for excellence in engineering education and the applied sciences with special expertise in the development and stewardship of the earth's resources.
About Delphi Automotive Delphi Automotive PLC (NYSE: DLPH) is a leading global supplier of electronics and technologies for automotive, commercial vehicle and other market segments. Operating major technical centers, manufacturing sites and customer support facilities in 30 countries, Delphi delivers real-world innovations that make products smarter and safer as well as more powerful and efficient.
Denver, CO, November 22, 2013 - Researchers and oil company representatives from around the world recently toured the first full-featured Geothermic Fuel Cell (GFC), a new innovation that can produce greater efficiency in extracting oil from shale.
IEP Technology and Delphi Automotive are working collaboratively to develop this innovation and have executed a Memorandum of Understanding under which Delphi Automotive expects to integrate solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology into GFCs.
The unit was shown in October during the 33rd Oil Shale Symposium presented by the Colorado School of Mines and the Colorado Fuel Cell Center (CFCC). Initial testing led by Dr. Neal Sullivan, Ph.D., an associate professor at Colorado School of Mines and director of the CFCC, proved that the GFC can be operated at the high temperatures needed to heat oil shale formations to produce oil in situ or in place.
-This is an exciting opportunity for all involved. It's a true collaboration between IEP Technology (IEPT), Delphi and the CFCC to test the full-feature GFC prototype. We are bridging theory to industrial use in an exciting new way at our lab,- said Sullivan.
The multi-stack, full-featured GFC module follows successful testing of a single stack GFC in April 2013. This is the second major technology milestone IEPT has met with relative ease.
-We could not be happier to meet this second milestone with such success in proving our multi-stack, full-featured GFC module. Our next major step will be to couple and test multiple modules in the lab in preparation for our in-ground, pre-field testing at a location on Colorado School of Mines property,- said Mark Wall, IEPT's Manager of Projects.
IEPT selected Delphi's SOFC as the most advanced and production-viable stack available today. Delphi's SOFC converts chemical energy in conventional fuels directly into useful electrical power and heat without combustion, resulting in minimal emissions. Electric heaters have been used to extract oil from shale in situ, but IEPT's concept has the potential to be much more efficient and does not require a dedicated electrical power plant.
Delphi has designed SOFCs and completed development projects to generate electric power for commercial vehicle auxiliary units, stationary and military applications. Delphi is committed to applying its SOFC technology to green energy applications such as the GFC, and brings years of automotive component manufacturing and system integration experience to support IEPT in developing its technology for oil shale production applications.
-Beyond the application of extracting oil from shale, we have always envisioned multiple uses for the GFCs such as fresh water production from brackish underground aquifers and landfill pyrolysis in addition to the in situ production of unconventional hydrocarbons,- said Al Forbes, IEPT's president and CEO. -Delphi's ability to engineer and adapt its existing SOFC technology to GFC applications, manufacture on a volume basis and distribute globally will go a long way in making this a reality.-
The in-ground testing of the full-feature GFC modules scheduled for 2014 on Colorado School of Mines property will include the in situ installation and operation of multiple GFC modules. It will also test all related equipment for fuel conditioning and supply and power management for the green electrical power produced as a byproduct of the GFC applications.
About IEP Technology IEP Technology (IEPT) is the owner of the patented, breakthrough in-situ Geothermic Fuel Cell(GFC) system. GFCs create heat for use in the recovery of unconventional hydrocarbons while producing additional energy to be sold back into the market as clean, baseload electricity. IEPT is currently focused on the economic and environmentally responsible recovery of oil shale and oil sands. The company holds exclusive rights to broad, patented GFC technologies in the U.S. and Canada, and has strategic partnerships with Uintah Resources, Inc., Delphi Corporation and Colorado School of Mines. Learn more about the company and its technology at Iepm.com or IEPTechnologyInc.com.
About the Colorado Fuel Cell Center at Colorado School of Mines Colorado School of Mines, www.mines.edu, is a uniquely focused public research university dedicated to preparing exceptional students to solve today's most pressing energy and environmental challenges. Founded in 1874, the institution was established to serve the needs of the local mining industry. Today, Mines has an international reputation for excellence in engineering education and the applied sciences with special expertise in the development and stewardship of the earth's resources.
About Delphi Automotive Delphi Automotive PLC (NYSE: DLPH) is a leading global supplier of electronics and technologies for automotive, commercial vehicle and other market segments. Operating major technical centers, manufacturing sites and customer support facilities in 30 countries, Delphi delivers real-world innovations that make products smarter and safer as well as more powerful and efficient.
Saturday, October 11, 2014
GPS Security And Privacy How Does It Affect You
As you may well be aware, there are many important benefits to consider when using the Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS). It is invaluable when trying to navigate in unfamiliar areas, but some people think it is an invasion of privacy. Security and privacy have been openly debated, and most adults believe that it is more beneficial than detrimental.
GPS tracking devices can provide monitoring data on a vehicle such as total miles driven, speeds that it was driven, traveled routes, as well as its current location. The sophistication and quantity of available monitored data varies depending upon the system and the make and model of the GPS device and vehicle of installation. .
This is also widely regarded as an invasion of our personal privacy. To give one example, a standard rental car contract will often stipulate that if you go over 79 miles per hour, you will have to pay extra for the wear and tear that the car suffers. The car rental company can find out if you are going too fast by receiving information from the GPS tracking devices that are attached to the vehicle. Thus, if you go over 79 miles per hour, they will know, and you will be billed.
Frequently, parents believe that GPS security and privacy issues are minimal in comparison with the security of knowing the location of their child. In fact, some parents use GPS devices to monitor their child's location and activities. If their child fails to follow the parents' guidelines, these parents may opt to suspend driving and socialization privileges.
GPS cell phones allow people to track their loved ones with a much smaller investment. There are now options available for this from cell phone companies. However, the GPS data is not usually directly accessible to the user and an accurate determination of location needs assistance from the wireless network, thus the GPS data is only transmitted if a 911 call is made.
Greater peace of mind and comfort are important when it comes to cellular telephones. Most folks don't realize they can actually be traced with their cells. The cops can use these to find crime doers and their victims, and even stolen cars. Each year there are more innovative versions of these devices with new bells and whistles. These gadgets can make us, and our families and friends feel safer and more connected. One caveat, however is that the data these devices contain might be subject to abuse.
Although the Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS) has many benefits, one of the major concerns that both proponents and opponents of this technology voice is that of gps security and privacy. For example, car rental agencies can utilize gps vehicle tracking devices to determine whether and how often customers exceed speeds of 79 miles per hour. Most individuals who rent cars do not read the fine print in the contract that states customers who exceed this speed can be charged fees in addition to the contract price. This technology can be useful, however; GPS cell phones can monitor the whereabouts of a loved one.
GPS tracking devices can provide monitoring data on a vehicle such as total miles driven, speeds that it was driven, traveled routes, as well as its current location. The sophistication and quantity of available monitored data varies depending upon the system and the make and model of the GPS device and vehicle of installation. .
This is also widely regarded as an invasion of our personal privacy. To give one example, a standard rental car contract will often stipulate that if you go over 79 miles per hour, you will have to pay extra for the wear and tear that the car suffers. The car rental company can find out if you are going too fast by receiving information from the GPS tracking devices that are attached to the vehicle. Thus, if you go over 79 miles per hour, they will know, and you will be billed.
Frequently, parents believe that GPS security and privacy issues are minimal in comparison with the security of knowing the location of their child. In fact, some parents use GPS devices to monitor their child's location and activities. If their child fails to follow the parents' guidelines, these parents may opt to suspend driving and socialization privileges.
GPS cell phones allow people to track their loved ones with a much smaller investment. There are now options available for this from cell phone companies. However, the GPS data is not usually directly accessible to the user and an accurate determination of location needs assistance from the wireless network, thus the GPS data is only transmitted if a 911 call is made.
Greater peace of mind and comfort are important when it comes to cellular telephones. Most folks don't realize they can actually be traced with their cells. The cops can use these to find crime doers and their victims, and even stolen cars. Each year there are more innovative versions of these devices with new bells and whistles. These gadgets can make us, and our families and friends feel safer and more connected. One caveat, however is that the data these devices contain might be subject to abuse.
Although the Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS) has many benefits, one of the major concerns that both proponents and opponents of this technology voice is that of gps security and privacy. For example, car rental agencies can utilize gps vehicle tracking devices to determine whether and how often customers exceed speeds of 79 miles per hour. Most individuals who rent cars do not read the fine print in the contract that states customers who exceed this speed can be charged fees in addition to the contract price. This technology can be useful, however; GPS cell phones can monitor the whereabouts of a loved one.
Saturday, October 4, 2014
GSM vs CDMA Mobile Technology
GSM and CDMA network technologies are the two main competing technologies set up by cellular service providers across the globe.
GSM is an abbreviation of Global System for Mobile Communications, while CDMA is an abbreviation of Code Division Multiple Access
The technology:
Mobile communication systems have to make use of the microwave frequencies above 800 MHz for transmission and reception of the signals. Different service providers operate in pre allocated frequency bands given to them by the international standards. Below listed are the methods to access these microwave frequencies.
* FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) - FDMA puts each call on a separate frequency.
* TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) - TDMA assigns each call a certain portion of time on a designated frequency.
* CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) - CDMA gives a unique code to each call and spreads it over available frequencies.
* GSM is a global standard based on TDMA.
How these technologies affect the common man:
In case of GSM:
* If you opt for GSM technology, you have the freedom to choose handset separately from the wide variety of big handset companies like Nokia, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, etc who retail their products in the market.
* You can then purchase a SIM card from any of the GSM service providers like Hutch, Airtel, etc and insert it in to your handset and start talking.
* You even enjoy the freedom to switch the service provider and still continue with the same handset.
* GSM service providers are well networked globally. Therefore it offers much better international roaming. You must check for roaming call rates and coverage in the regions or countries where you visit frequently.
* Another major benefit that GSM users enjoy is that if you travel to other countries you can make use your same GSM cell phone there too( if it is a quad-band phone 850/900/1800/1900 MHz). To save yourself from roaming charges from your service provider, you can purchase a local SIM card with call value and a local number in the country you are visiting.
In case of CDMA:
* Here the handset is network locked. You have to buy a complete package from the service provider that includes both, the handset and the connection (prepaid / postpaid).
* Two main CDMA players in India are Reliance and TATA.
* Earlier it was difficult for Reliance users who wanted to retain the same number but wanted to change their reliance handsets, to do so. However now it is possible by making use of the handset change card that is available in a nominal amount.
* TATA however made it very user friendly. Due to its T - SIM enabled handsets; it is easier for TATA users to change their handsets.
* Reliance and TATA now have a range of entry level, mid-segment and features rich advance handsets available with them. However in this case the choice of handsets is limited to the models offered by the Service Provider.
* You cannot change the service provider and still keep the same handset.
* Voice clarity in CDMA network is supposed to be better as it uses same frequency across all cells.
* Here you need to check for International roaming tie ups if you travel abroad frequently. You do not enjoy the freedom like GSM mobiles.
* TATA is soon launching T-SIM to enable international roaming with one world one number concept.
Before choosing a CDMA or GSM Mobile phone from any mobile store, you need to understand the features and services provided by these mobile phones well. Find more about Smartphone News.
GSM is an abbreviation of Global System for Mobile Communications, while CDMA is an abbreviation of Code Division Multiple Access
The technology:
Mobile communication systems have to make use of the microwave frequencies above 800 MHz for transmission and reception of the signals. Different service providers operate in pre allocated frequency bands given to them by the international standards. Below listed are the methods to access these microwave frequencies.
* FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) - FDMA puts each call on a separate frequency.
* TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) - TDMA assigns each call a certain portion of time on a designated frequency.
* CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) - CDMA gives a unique code to each call and spreads it over available frequencies.
* GSM is a global standard based on TDMA.
How these technologies affect the common man:
In case of GSM:
* If you opt for GSM technology, you have the freedom to choose handset separately from the wide variety of big handset companies like Nokia, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, etc who retail their products in the market.
* You can then purchase a SIM card from any of the GSM service providers like Hutch, Airtel, etc and insert it in to your handset and start talking.
* You even enjoy the freedom to switch the service provider and still continue with the same handset.
* GSM service providers are well networked globally. Therefore it offers much better international roaming. You must check for roaming call rates and coverage in the regions or countries where you visit frequently.
* Another major benefit that GSM users enjoy is that if you travel to other countries you can make use your same GSM cell phone there too( if it is a quad-band phone 850/900/1800/1900 MHz). To save yourself from roaming charges from your service provider, you can purchase a local SIM card with call value and a local number in the country you are visiting.
In case of CDMA:
* Here the handset is network locked. You have to buy a complete package from the service provider that includes both, the handset and the connection (prepaid / postpaid).
* Two main CDMA players in India are Reliance and TATA.
* Earlier it was difficult for Reliance users who wanted to retain the same number but wanted to change their reliance handsets, to do so. However now it is possible by making use of the handset change card that is available in a nominal amount.
* TATA however made it very user friendly. Due to its T - SIM enabled handsets; it is easier for TATA users to change their handsets.
* Reliance and TATA now have a range of entry level, mid-segment and features rich advance handsets available with them. However in this case the choice of handsets is limited to the models offered by the Service Provider.
* You cannot change the service provider and still keep the same handset.
* Voice clarity in CDMA network is supposed to be better as it uses same frequency across all cells.
* Here you need to check for International roaming tie ups if you travel abroad frequently. You do not enjoy the freedom like GSM mobiles.
* TATA is soon launching T-SIM to enable international roaming with one world one number concept.
Before choosing a CDMA or GSM Mobile phone from any mobile store, you need to understand the features and services provided by these mobile phones well. Find more about Smartphone News.
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